TY - JOUR
T1 - Development and optimization of natural deep eutectic solvent-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled with UPLC-UV for simultaneous determination of parabens in personal care products
T2 - evaluation of the eco-friendliness level of the developed method
AU - Alqarni, Abdulmalik M.
AU - Mostafa, Ahmed
AU - Shaaban, Heba
AU - Gomaa, Mohamed S.
AU - Albashrayi, Danyah
AU - Hasheeshi, Batool
AU - Bakhashwain, Nujud
AU - Aseeri, Atheer
AU - Alqarni, Abdulaziz
AU - Alamri, Abdulgani A.
AU - Alrofaidi, Mohammad A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
PY - 2023/4/28
Y1 - 2023/4/28
N2 - Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) combined with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (UHPLC-DAD) method has been developed and validated for the determination of parabens in personal care products. In this study, a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) composed of menthol and formic acid at a molar ratio of 1 : 2 was prepared and used as an extraction solvent. The influencing variables on the extraction efficiency such as extraction solvent type and volume, composition of NADES, salt addition, vortex and centrifugation time were investigated. The proposed method exhibited good linearity with determination coefficients of ≥0.9992. The relative recoveries for the studied analytes ranged from 82.19 to 102.45%. Limits of detection and limits of quantification were in the range of 0.17-0.33 ng mL−1 and 0.51-0.99 ng mL−1, respectively. To evaluate the applicability of the developed method, it was successfully applied to determine four parabens in personal care products. Additionally, the eco-friendliness level of the presented method was evaluated using Eco-Scale Assessment, Green Analytical Procedure Index and Analytical GREEnness metric. The developed method is simple, environmentally friendly and cost effective and it could be employed for determination of parabens in personal care products without harming the environment.
AB - Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) combined with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (UHPLC-DAD) method has been developed and validated for the determination of parabens in personal care products. In this study, a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) composed of menthol and formic acid at a molar ratio of 1 : 2 was prepared and used as an extraction solvent. The influencing variables on the extraction efficiency such as extraction solvent type and volume, composition of NADES, salt addition, vortex and centrifugation time were investigated. The proposed method exhibited good linearity with determination coefficients of ≥0.9992. The relative recoveries for the studied analytes ranged from 82.19 to 102.45%. Limits of detection and limits of quantification were in the range of 0.17-0.33 ng mL−1 and 0.51-0.99 ng mL−1, respectively. To evaluate the applicability of the developed method, it was successfully applied to determine four parabens in personal care products. Additionally, the eco-friendliness level of the presented method was evaluated using Eco-Scale Assessment, Green Analytical Procedure Index and Analytical GREEnness metric. The developed method is simple, environmentally friendly and cost effective and it could be employed for determination of parabens in personal care products without harming the environment.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85159137017
U2 - 10.1039/d3ra00769c
DO - 10.1039/d3ra00769c
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85159137017
SN - 2046-2069
VL - 13
SP - 13183
EP - 13194
JO - RSC Advances
JF - RSC Advances
IS - 19
ER -