EFFECT OF DOME-SHAPE ON THE SOUND QUALITY OF THE MOSQUE

Extensive research has focused on the acoustic performance of worship places, with mosques traditionally featuring domes. However, there is a notable gap in scientific studies examining the impact of different dome shapes on acoustic performance. To address this, the present study conducted a case study on a mosque situated at the IAU University campus in Saudi Arabia. Simulations were carried out using the ODEON Room Acoustics Program, exploring four dome shapes: Saucer, Drum, Onion, and Pointed, representing common architectural forms. The results were validated through in-situ measurements utilizing the DIRAC room acoustic system, coupled with statistical analysis. In each case, the acoustic characteristics were assessed, considering the Imam's (prayer leader) position as the sound source. The findings underscore the critical importance of selecting an appropriate dome shape, as it can directly influence the reverberation time of mosques. Both Saucer and Pointed domes demonstrated optimal acoustic performance for both Reverberation Time (T30) and Speech Transmission Index (STI), meeting theoretical standards for maintaining acoustical comfort. It is emphasized that the choice of dome shape should be tailored to the specific size and architectural features of the building, necessitating a case-specific analysis during the early design stage.