Nutritional, Medicinal, and Commercial Significance of Moringa oleifera L. Leaves: A Comprehensive Review

Moringa oleifera L., widely referred to as the drumstick tree, is renowned for its leaves, which are abundant in vital nutrients and bioactive substances. This study systematically summarized and reviewed the literature on M. oleifera leaves as nutraceuticals from Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and other online databases. In addition, various online tools were utilized to calculate the drug-likeness, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity profiles of phytoconstituents from M. oleifera leaves. This review underscores the nutritional, pharmacological, and commercial significance of M. oleifera leaves, emphasizing both established knowledge and new findings that enhance our comprehension of this multifaceted plant. Moreover, this study explored the extensive phytochemical profile of Moringa leaves, encompassing vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory compounds, as well as their contributions to human health. This study consolidates the current understanding of Moringa leaves and introduces a new paradigm for future research at the nexus of nutrition, medicine, and commerce, promoting its incorporation into global health initiatives and sustainable agricultural plans.