The Shift to Computer-Based Remote Work: Implications for Musculoskeletal Health in Saudi Arabia

This study investigates the impact of the transition from traditional office-based work to remote work on the prevalence and severity of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) during the COVID-19 pandemic among employees in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), collecting responses from 978 participants over an 11-month period. The analysis focused on pain prevalence and intensity across different body regions. Results revealed significant gender differences, with women reporting higher levels of musculoskeletal discomfort. The most affected areas were the shoulders (36.98%), forearms (30%), and mid-back (25.53%), while the lower back exhibited the highest pain intensity (mean score 2.85/5). Regression analysis identified age, gender, employment sector, working hours, and physical activity as influential factors. The findings underscore the occupational health risks of remote work and emphasize the need for ergonomic interventions and policy support to mitigate musculoskeletal strain in remote environments.