Structural and field-induced control of optical properties in a novel exponentially bounded cosine quantum well

In this study, we examine the effects of external static electric and magnetic fields, as well as structural parameters (barrier height and base width), on the total optical absorption coefficients and relative refractive index changes in an exponentially bounded cosine quantum well heterostructure. Using the effective mass approximation and a parabolic conduction band, by applying the diagonalization method to the time-independent Schrödinger equation, both the subband energy levels and wave functions are determined. Optical coefficients are then calculated using analytical expressions from the compact density matrix formalism. Results show that increasing electric and magnetic field strengths leads to a blue shift in the resonance peaks of both optical absorption and refractive index change. Furthermore, higher potential barriers cause a blue shift, while wider barrier bases result in a red shift. These findings highlight the tunability of optical properties through external fields and structural design, offering potential for advanced optoelectronic applications. Graphic abstract: (Figure presented.)